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贾伟

复旦大学，中国

 

王佶旻

北京语言大学，中国

 

摘要

阅读策略作为来华留学生语言学习的重要组成部分，是指阅读者在阅读活动中进行有效阅读或解决阅读中出现的问题而采取的方式或技巧。本研究以 42 名经贸专业来华留学生为对象，通过 HSK6 级和实用汉语水平认定考试中的阅读题目，探究不同测试情境下汉语二语阅读策略与成绩之间的关系。通过有声思维在前人基础上编制了涵盖八个维度 45 个题项的阅读策略问卷。实证结果发现，不同测试情境下与成绩相关的策略存在差异，通用阅读测试中阅读策略总数与成绩显著相关，体现在语境策略、互动策略、推论策略和应试策略四个维度，而学术阅读测试中仅推论策略与成绩显著相关。且学习者在学术阅读测试中更频繁地“猜测”和“将句子拆分后理解”。研究结果可为不同测试情境下阅读策略教学与阅读成绩提升提供参考。

 

关键词

通用汉语，学术汉语，阅读策略，阅读成绩

 

The Relationship between Chinese L2 Reading Strategies and Scores in General and Academic Chinese Tests

 

Wei Jia

Fudan University, China

 

Jimin Wang

Beijing Language and Culture University, China

 

Abstract

Reading strategies, as an essential component of Chinese language learning for international students in China, refer to the methods or techniques employed by readers to achieve effective reading or to solve problems encountered during the reading process. This study, focusing on 42 international students majoring in economics and trade, investigates the relationship between Chinese-as-a-second-language (CSL) reading strategies and reading performance under different testing contexts, using reading tasks from the HSK Level 6 Test and the C.TEST (Test of Practical Chinese). Based on previous research and think-aloud protocols, a reading strategy questionnaire covering eight dimensions and 45 items was developed. The empirical results show that strategies associated with performance differ across testing contexts: in the general reading test, the total number of strategies used was significantly correlated with scores, particularly in the dimensions of contextual, interactive, inferential, and test-taking strategies; in the academic reading test, only inferential strategies were significantly correlated with performance. Moreover, learners tended to “guess” and “break down sentences for comprehension” more frequently in the academic reading test. These findings provide insights for reading strategy instruction and performance improvement in different testing contexts.

 

Keywords

General Chinese, academic Chinese, reading strategies, reading scores